What's Coming to the Blog in 2024?

Who knows?

For several years now I've been writing these "What's Coming" posts. You can read the 2023 post with links to earlier ones here. I include a wish list of topics I hope to cover, and look at past lists to see which ones I managed to write and which I didn't. There's more wishing than achievement in these lists, but here we are for 2024. I don't think I've written a single post from the 2023 list, so let's move on. 

I should note I'm pushing very close to 900 articles on this blog--only two or three more to go. I  started this thing in March 2014, so its tenth anniversary is also coming up. These thoughts are making me tired....

One piece I really hope to do this year is a look at the career of R.G. Armstrong. Alabama has produced at least three very prolific film & TV actors. One was Henry Walthall, a Shelby County native who appeared in dozens of silent and sound films--including the notorious The Birth of a Nation--before his death in 1936. I plan a post on him soon, too. Another was Huntsville native Harry Townes, who made numerous appearances mostly on television between the late 1940s and late 1980s. I've written about him here. R.G. Armstrong had many performances on film and television, ranging from series such as Gunsmoke, Laramie, Rawhide, Daniel Boone and The Andy Griffith Show to movies such as El Dorado, Children of the Corn and Reds. 

Armstrong appeared with fellow Alabama native Louis Fletcher in an episode of Maverick in 1959. Follow the link for my post about it. 

Armstrong made three appearances in Perry Mason episodes. This one is "The Case of the Stand-In Sister" in 1962. 

I'd also like to write a piece on Livingston Press, an independent publisher based at the University of West Alabama. Over recent decades the press has published dozens of books of fiction, non-fiction and poetry, many of them by Alabama authors. The guiding force behind the operation is Joe Taylor, an author himself and retired professor from the university.

Then there's a 1987 pamphlet in my collection about the Five Points South area in Birmingham. Fifty businesses and historical sites are listed, and I'm curious as to which ones are still around. 

I really should do an item on Louisa Shepard, the first female to receive an MD in Alabama. Since this took place before the Civil War, she was unable to establish a practice, so she married and moved to Texas. Nevertheless, she is also the first female MD in the southern U.S. and one of the earliest in the country.

Just for fun, I'd like to do another entry in the "Empty Project: Alabama" series I recently started. So much emptiness....And I'm sure there will be more blog posts on fascinating photos, postcards and family memorabilia that I come across. 

Johnny Mack Brown as Billy the Kid

I recently picked up and flipped through my copy of William K. Everson's classic A Pictorial History of the Western Film, as one does when escaping the heat of an Alabama summer day. What did I find but a couple of stills and some discussion of Johnny Mack Brown's role as William Bonney in the 1930 film Billy the Kid. Let's investigate.

I've already written about the Dothan native, University of Alabama football star and actor in several pieces on this blog. Early in his career MGM tried to turn him into a romantic lead, such as the 1928 silent film Our Dancing Daughters in which he starred with Joan Crawford and fellow Alabama native Dorothy Sebastian. That same year major star Norma Shearer and Brown appeared in A Lady of Chance. I've devoted five posts to that film, since much of it is set in Alabama. 

In 1930 he was teamed with Crawford again in Montana Moon, which also co-starred Dorothy Sebastian. A third pairing with Crawford did not work out. Audiences failed to respond to early showings and MGM ordered the film Complete Surrender reshot with Clark Gable opposite Crawford. 

Brown soon left MGM and moved into westerns. I've posted about one of those, the 1945 "Flame of the West" in which he plays a new physician in town. Now it's time to look at another. 

Billy the Kid was one of four films Brown made in 1930 and was directed by King Vidor [1894-1982], whose career in the movies began in 1913 and lasted until 1980. The film also stars Wallace Beery as Pat Garrett, the lawman who tracked down and shot Billy on July 14, 1881. The outlaw had been sentenced to hang, escaped and killed two deputies in the process. As it happens, Garrett was born in Chambers County, so there's a second Alabama connection in this film.  

Today Henry McCarty aka William Bonney aka Billy the Kid is an iconic character with many appearances in popular culture, ranging from films and television episodes to comics and video games. But in 1930 he was just beginning his rise in the pantheon of western outlaws.

A folk song "Billy the Kid" appeared at some point in the west; the Sons of the Pioneers recorded it in 1937. A play "Billy the Kid" ran on Broadway in 1906. Two silent films about Billy were released in 1911; both starred women impersonating the male outlaw. Brown & Vidor's 1930 film was the first sound movie devoted to the Kid, and the first in which a male starred in the role!

This film was one of two released in 1930 that a used 70mm widescreen process; the other was The Big Trail starring John Wayne. Unfortunately, the Great Depression prevented cinemas from upgrading to widescreen and only a few such  movies were made at the time. The process would lie dormant until The Robe filmed in Cinemascope and released in 1953. Wayne's widescreen version has been restored, but the only known version of Brown's film is standard-width. 

Billy the Kid runs 95 minutes and was release on October 18, 1930. The film was shot on various locations such as Zion National Park, the Grand Canyon, San Fernando Valley, and Gallup, New Mexico. As the IMDB notes, the great silent film star of Westerns William S. Hart was an uncredited technical advisor. He owned some of Billy the Kid's "six shooters" and was friends with such legends of the West as Wyatt Earp and Bat Masterson. 

Images two through six below are taken from Everson's book and offer some interesting details about the film. Hart is shown in the first photo offering one of Billy's guns to Brown. The second photo is a scene with a confrontation between Garrett and Billy. In the the text shown from the book, Everson discusses the dominance of long shots and lack of closeups and the effect of that in the standard-width version. The film is available from Warner Archive; a preview can be seen on YouTube. 

By the mid-1930s Brown began a long series of western films for several studios, including Republic, Universal and Monogram. In the 1950s his likeness appeared in a series of comic books published by Dell. He is an inductee of the College Football Hall of Fame [1957] and the first class of the Alabama Sports Hall of Fame [1969]. He died November 14, 1974. Brown was inducted into the Hall of Great Western Performers in 2008. 

Source: YouTube 

Source: Grand Comics Database

Gail Patrick in "The Preview Murder Mystery"

One of the topics I bring out from time to time on this blog is film actresses from the state whose careers began before 1960. I've covered some others after that date, too, but today's post fits that group. 

One of those pre-1960 actresses is Birmingham native Gail Patrick. A career overview I posted in 2015 is here. In 2019 I wrote about her role as a private detective [really!] in Murder at the Vanities, a truly bonkers 1934 pre-code film. In 2020 I posted about her post-acting career as Executive Producer on the classic Perry Mason TV series and her appearance in the final episode. In 2021 I wrote about her role as the femme fatale in The Maltese Falcon--a radio version, but still....

Now we come to her role in The Preview Murder Mystery from 1936. I watched this one recently on TCM and really enjoyed it. There's a rather interesting framing device--it's a movie about the making of a movie and features quick action, witty dialog and some murders. Director Robert Florey would helm over 50 movies and numerous episodes of TV shows in his long career. By the time he made this one, he had already directed such classics as the Marx Brothers first feature, The Cocoanuts [1929] and Murders in the Rue Morgue [1932]. 

The film being filmed is "Song of the Toreador", and we get to see some extensive scenes in its preview screening. We also see even longer scenes involving the filming process, so that the cast and crew of "Toreador" are much of the cast and crew of Preview. Very meta. "Song" is a remake of a silent film starring the late husband of Patrick's character, Claire Woodward Smith. 

A lot of this film's snap, crackle and pop is courtesy of the performances by and dialog written for Reginald Denny and Frances Drake as they play the studio publicity head and his secretary. A running gag is Denny's constant proposals of marriage, and refusals by Drake, whose character is an astrology nut and keeps telling him the stars are not aligned properly.

Catch this movie if you have a chance. It's only an hour long and is available on YouTube. 

Some more comments are below. 

The entrance to the movie company's lot is actually the entrance to Paramount Studios, lightly disguised. 

The film has a number of shots making interesting compositions. Florey's cinematographer was Karl Struss, who worked on numerous Hollywood films and was a pioneer in 3-D. 

And here she is, ladies and gentlemen, Gail Patrick!

Now we see Patrick as she appears in "Song of the Toreador". 

And now we see Patrick in the preview audience watching herself onscreen.

As the murders mount up, Patrick is questioned by police. 

This film has a lot of shadow-and-light interplay in various scenes.

What's Coming to the Blog in 2023?

Who knows?

Well, here I am again, at the beginning of another year and another hopeful post describing what I plan to write for this blog. What's that laughter I hear? You know the old joke, if you want to hear God laugh, tell him your plans. 

Last year's blog post, sans illustrations, is below. As usual, I didn't do so well in completing my proposed entries. No posts about Alabama's psychedelic connections [Humphry Osmond, Timothy Leary, Charles W. Slack]; Henry Walthall, the silent film star born in Shelby County; or the various state natives who appeared on the classic Perry Mason TV series. I did manage to do a post on Harry Townes, the very prolific television actor born in Huntsville who appeared on that show several times. 

I also wrote about people with Alabama connections on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. There are so many I'll have to do a second post on that topic, hopefully this year. Another subject I've wanted to explore is my collection of family ticket stubs from concerts, movies and other events that date back to the 1970s. That topic will have to be divided into several posts.

I have specific plans for a few other posts this year. These include "Roy McCardell and Birmingham", "Some Old Alabama Car Tags", "Old Ads for Alabama Bookstores" and "Anthony M. Rud's 1923 "Weird Tales" Story 'Ooze'", which is set in the state.

We'll see how all this turns out...

Now, let's do the numbers:

2022-89
2021-90
2020-108
2019-110

2018-74

2017-80

2016-99

2015-91

2014-95

A total of 836 blog posts...I'm going to rest now...

Roy McCardell [1870-after 1940]

Source: Wikipedia 

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What's Coming to the Blog in 2022?

You can find this post with illustrations here. 

For several years now I've been writing these "What's Coming" posts. You can read the 2021 post here and earlier ones here. I include a wish list of topics I hope to cover, and look at past lists to see which ones I managed to write and which I didn't. There's more wishing than achievement in these lists, but here we are for 2022. 

One of the topics mentioned last year that I'd like to finally do involves the natives or people with state connections who have stars on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. I've actually started this one; naturally, the list turned out to be pretty long. I'll probably have to split it into a couple of posts. And naturally I could follow that piece with ones on people from the state who have won Oscars, Emmys and Tony awards. Dream on.

I hope to complete four other posts in 2022 that I've been pondering for some time. Two of the most important figures in the history of LSD, Humphry Osmond and Timothy Leary, have Alabama connections--one early in his life and the other near the end of it. Henry Walthall was a major silent film star in the U.S., and his career extended into the talkie era until his death in 1936. He was a Shelby County native. Huntsville native Harry Townes became a very busy actor in Hollywood for several decades, especially on television. In 1974 he became an ordained Episcopal minister and returned to the Rocket City after retirement from acting in 1988. Speaking of Townes, I'd also like to do a post on the various state natives who appeared on the classic Perry Mason tv show. Townes acted in several episodes, as did R.G. Armstrong. Louise Fletcher and Cathy O'Donnell also turned up on the show. One day I'll also have to write a piece on all the Alabama connections on the Gunsmoke series. 

I did manage to complete two posts from last year's list. Back in the summer of 2016 I did five posts on "Beulah Vee's Cedar Chest." My dad's older sister died in 1939 just a few months after high school graduation; naturally I never met her. My grandmother Rosa Mae Wright kept a large cedar chest filled with her daughter's memorabilia. Most of those contents were donated to the Alabama Department of Archives and History in Montgomery; they form a sort of time capsule of one person's life in Gadsden, Alabama, in the 1920's and 1930's. I wrote a piece to describe that donation process and bring the story to a close.

Another topic I wanted to cover was Truman Capote and Marilyn Monroe. I had already done a pretty bogus post connecting MM and Alabama, but the one I wrote this past year was a bit stronger. You can read it here. 

In 2022 I'm sure I'll do new entries in ongoing series, such as films with Alabama connections, the usual crop of posts on "let's connect [fill in the blank] to Alabama!" and the usual stuff I haven't even thought of yet.

In closing, here are the number of posts I've written each year:

2021-90
2020-108
2019-110

2018-74

2017-80

2016-99

2015-91

2014-95

A total of 747 posts so far....sheesh....makes me tired just thinking about that...

Alabama on the Hollywood Walk of Fame (1)

In my first blog post of this year, "What's Coming to the Blog in 2022" I mentioned a desire to cover individuals and others--such as musical groups--who have stars on the Hollywood Walk of Fame and some significant connection to Alabama. I also hope to cover the Oscars, Emmys and Tonys in a similar fashion. No, I probably won't do the Golden Globes; I have to stop somewhere. 

I'll let Wikipedia set the stage:

"The Hollywood Walk of Fame comprises more than 2,600^[1] five-pointed terrazzo and brass stars embedded in the sidewalks along 15 blocks of Hollywood Boulevard and three blocks of Vine Street in Hollywood, California. The stars are permanent public monuments to achievement in the entertainment industry, bearing the names of a mix of musicians, actors, directors, producers, musical and theatrical groups, fictional characters, and others. The Walk of Fame is administered by the Hollywood Chamber of Commerce and maintained by the self-financing Hollywood Historic Trust."

So this post is the first of two on the Walk of Fame. Most entries are actors and actresses; many are Alabama natives. Others are included because they have some other significant connection to the state. I was unable to locate photos of the actual stars of most honorees, but have included other illustrations. Let's begin....

UPDATE: On February 27, 2023, Birmingham native Courteney Cox received a star on Hollywood in the "Television" category. You can read all about it here. 

Alabama [recording]

Up first is the musical group Alabama, "the most commercially successful country act in the 1980s". The entry at the Walk of Fame web site gives a pretty detailed history of the band from Fort Payne. The ceremony was held on October 6, 1998. 

Mary Anderson [film]

Mary Anderson was born in Birmingham on April 3, 1918, and died April 6, 2014. Her acting career in films and television stretched from 1939 until the 1960s. She had a small uncredited role in the classic 1939 film The Women, then made a speaking role appearance as Maybelle Merriwether in Gone with the Wind that same year. Many significant film roles followed, including 1944's Lifeboat, an Alfred Hitchcock movie in which fellow state native Tallulah Bankhead also appeared. She brought her star power to her native city in 1947, with an appearance at the first film premier in Birmingham for Whispering City. 

Anderson's induction into the Walk of Fame took place on February 8, 1960. 

 

Tallulah Bankhead [film]

Born in Huntsville on January 31, 1902, Bankhead began her career at age 15 with a small part in a silent film made in New York City. Her final acting appearance came in a two-part episode of the Batman TV series in March 1967. I've discussed those episodes here and here. She died December 12, 1968.

In between those dates Bankhead made some movies, most prominently Lifeboat as mentioned above. I've also discussed her 1932 film, Faithless. She spent the 1920s becoming famous on the London stage, then returned to the U.S. and conquered Broadway with appearances such as The Little Foxes, Lillian Hellman's drama based on her mother's family in Demopolis and set in that town. Bankhead's performance as Regina Giddens was widely lauded, but Bette Davis landed the role in the 1941 film version. 

Over her career Bankhead made almost 300 appearances on film, the stage, radio and television. She was inducted into the Walk of Fame on the same date as fellow Alabamian, Mary Anderson--February 8, 1960. I've also written about her stage appearances in Birmingham. The Encyclopedia of Alabama has a nice entry on Bankhead. 

Tallulah in Faithless [1932]

Source: Pinterest

Clarence Brown [film]

Although he was born in Massachusetts, Brown's family moved to Knoxville, Tennessee, when he was 11. After high school he he earned two engineering degrees from the University of Tennessee. Brown ended up at the Peerless Studio in Fort Lee, New Jersey, working in the silent film industry. In World War I he served as a fighter pilot and flight instructor. After his war service, he headed to Hollywood and a career as a film director that lasted from 1915 until 1953. 

Brown [1890-1987] directed such classics as Anna Karenina and Ah, Wilderness [both 1935], The Human Comedy [1943], National Velvet (1944), The Yearling (1946) and Angel in the Outfield (1951). In his many years at the MGM studio he directed Joan Crawford in seven films and Greta Garbo in six. He was nominated for an Academy Award six times but never won.

So, what was the Alabama connection? Well, there are a couple....

After college graduation, Brown went to work for the Stevens-Duryea Company, an auto manufacturing operation located near his birthplace of Clinton, Massachusetts. But then, "I became the traveling expert mechanic for Stevens-Duryea.  One of my calls was to a dealer in Birmingham, Alabama, who took a liking to me, and he set me up in a subsidiary company, called the Brown Motor Car Company. I had the agency for the Alco truck, the Stevens-Duryea, and the Hudson.  It was around this time—1913, 1914—that I became interested in the picture business.” He made these comments to Kevin Brownlow, author of a wonderful history of silent movies, And the Parades Gone By [1968]. 

Brown's time in Birmingham was apparently pretty short; I've yet to discover any documentation of it. He did almost have another connection to the city. At one point he was engaged to actress Dorothy Sebastian, a Birmingham native. I'll be writing about her in the second half of this post. Although Brown married four times, none of his wives was Sebastian. 

He, too, was inducted on February 8, 1960. 

Johnny Mack Brown [Film] 

Brown [1904-1974], no relation to Clarence, achieved fame initially as a star running back at the University of Alabama. He was a factor in the 1926 Rose Bowl where the mighty University of Washington Huskies were upset by the Crimson Tide. By the following year Brown was appearing in comedy and romantic silent films.

His studio attempted to make him a leading man with such actresses as Joan Crawford and Norma Shearer. That effort didn't work out, and by the mid-1930s Brown began making westerns. He starred in dozens before his career faded in the 1950s. 

I've written several blog posts about Johnny Mack Brown. One explored Our Dancing Daughters, a 1928 silent film in which he starred with Joan Crawford and fellow Alabama native Dorothy Sebastian. Those two also appeared together the following year in The Single Standard, along with some actress named Greta Garbo. I plan to write about that film at some point.

I devoted five [yes, five!] blog posts to another of Brown's eight 1928 films, A Lady of Chance. His co-star is the great Norma Shearer. I spent so much space on this film because not only is Brown's character from Alabama, but much of the film is set in a fictional town in the state. I've explored how one of Brown's appearances with Crawford didn't pan out, and one of his many westerns, the 1945 release Flame of the West in which Brown plays a physician. 

He was induced February 8, 1960. That must have been Alabama Day in Hollywood. 

Brown emotes to Norma Shearer in A Lady of Chance [1928, silent] before his transformation into the star of dozens of B-movie Westerns.

Brown even starred in his own comic book series from 1950 until 1959. 

Pat Buttram [TV]

Buttram [1915-1994] was born in Addison, a small town in Winston County, Alabama. He first achieved fame as the sidekick of singing cowboy Gene Autry in more than 40 movies and 100 episodes of Autry's TV show. From 1965 until 1971 he played the character Mr. Haney on the popular Green Acres TV show. Before his death he did voice work in various animated films including The Aristocats, The Rescuers and Who Framed Roger Rabbit? One of his last roles was a cameo appearance in Back to the Future III. 

He was inducted on August 18, 1988. 

Pat Buttram as Mr. Haney in Green Acres

Source: Wikipedia 

Chuck Connors [TV]

According to Wikipedia, Connors [1921-1992] is one of only 13 athletes to play in both Major League Baseball and the National Basketball Association. His baseball career eventually led him to Los Angeles, and when he realized he would not make a career of sports he quickly transitioned into acting. In 1952 and 1953 he appeared in films with Spencer Tracy and Katherine Hepburn, Burt Lancaster and John Wayne. Thus began a prolific career in movies and television that lasted until just before his death at 71. Despite many film roles, Chuck Connors is probably best remembered for two western TV series, The Rifleman and Branded. 

Connors athletic career led to his Alabama connection. As seen below, he played a year with the minor league Mobile Bay Bears baseball team.

He was inducted into the Hollywood Walk of Fame on July 18, 1984. 

This photo shows the 1947 Mobile Bay Bears, who won the 1947 Southern Association Baseball League championship. Chuck Connors can be seen in the top row, third from the left.

Source: University of South Alabama Archives

Chuck Connors as The Rifleman in 1962

Source: Wikipedia

Nat King Cole [TV, recording]

Although he was born in Montgomery, Cole's family moved to Chicago when he was four years old. At age fifteen he dropped out of high school and joined his older brother Eddie's musical group that recorded two singles in 1936. Cole had his first solo success in 1940 with the song "Sweet Lorraine". From then until his death Nat King Cole achieved enormous success as a singer and musician with album and singles recordings and live performances. From November 1956 until December 1957 the Nat "King" Cole Show on NBC was one of the first television programs hosted by a black. The network's inability to find a national sponsor limited its run.

Cole did a bit of acting. I've written about his role as fellow Alabamian W.C. Handy in the film St. Louis Blues. He also appeared in Cat Ballou. Cole [1919-1965] is another Alabamian inducted on February 8, 1960.

Cole released several dozen albums during his lifetime. This 1960 release was the most successful Christmas album of the 1960s, selling over 6 million copies. 

Sally Field [Film] 

During a career that began in the early 1960s, Sally Field has appeared in numerous iconic movies and TV shows. She began on television with the comedies Gidget (1965–1966), The Flying Nun (1967–1970), and The Girl with Something Extra (1973–1974). By the late 1970s she started a run of films that included Smokey and the Bandit I and II [1977, 1980], Places in the Heart [1984], Absence of Malice [1981], Steel Magnolias [1989], and Mrs. Doubtfire [1993]. In the 2000s Field returned to series television with recurring roles in ER and Brothers and Sisters. 

Field has also starred in several films with Alabama connections. These movies include Stay Hungry [1976], Hooper [1978], Norma Rae [1979] and Forrest Gump [1994]. In her 2018 memoir In Pieces, Field has some interesting comments about most of these films. The exception is Forrest Gump, which she mentions only in passing along with other films of that time, such as Mrs. Doubtfire. 

About Stay Hungry [pp 275-286, 288, 294], she noted, "...I flew to Birmingham, Alabama, where I lived for seven weeks in a squat, crumbling motel along with the other actors, a smattering of crew, plus the director (Bob Rafelson)..." The film, about the world of body builders, also starred Jeff Bridges and Arnold Schwarzenegger, just beginning his film career. Rafelson had brief flings with Fields and other women during production. His wife Toby, designer and producer on the film, soon filed for divorce. 

Field worked for the third time with Burt Reynolds on Hooper [pp 340-345]. She wondered why filming was done in Tuscaloosa, since the film had nothing to do with Alabama. She had a break during shooting and flew back to Los Angeles to meet with director Martin Ritt, who was seeking the female lead for his upcoming Norma Rae. After she returned, Ritt called her at her rented Tuscaloosa house to tell her she had the part. 

In her memoir Field devotes a good bit of space [pp 344-352, 355-7] to Norma Rae, a complex, intense role that won her a Best Actress Oscar. One anecdote features Burt Reynolds. He showed up at her Opelika condo "in a Cadillac convertible and a cloud of red Alabama dust. 

Field has another connection to Alabama. Her maternal grandmother, Joy Bickley, was born in the state in the late 1800's [p. 17]. Field's mother, Margaret, was an actress herself whose own film and television career ran from 1946 until 1973. 

More notes are below the photos. 

She was inducted on May 5, 2014.

Field and Jeff Bridges in Stay Hungry [1976], based on Alabama author Charles Gaines' 1972 novel and filmed in Birmingham. 

Sally Field played Mrs. Gump in the classic Forrest Gump [1994], based on the 1986 novel by Alabama author Winston Groom. 

One of Field's greatest performances was Norma Rae, for which she won a Best Actress Oscar. The film explores union organizing in a southern textile mill and much filming was done in Opelika. Actress and Birmingham native Gail Strickland had a supporting role. 

Burt Reynolds and Sally Field in Hooper, their third film together. 

Susan Hayward [Film]

Hayward [1917-1975] started off as a fashion model but left New York for Hollywood to try out for the role of Scarlett O'Hara in Gone with the Wind. She missed out on that part, but made films in the late 1940s and 1950s that gave her Oscar nominations for Best Actress. She won for her portrayal of death row inmate Barbara Graham in the 1958 production I Want to Live. 

The actress had a bit of an unusual connection to Alabama. In 1957 she married Floyd Chalkley, a Georgia rancher and businessman. They lived in Carrollton until his death in 1966. The couple also bought property in Cleburne County near Heflin and became well known in the area. Follow the link in the first sentence of this paragraph for my blog post about that phase of her life. 

I've always been a fan of Hayward. One of my favorite films of hers is the 1951 western Rawhide with Tyrone Power. Her ability to play strong women also shines in that role.

She was yet another star inducted on February 8, 1960.

Hayward proudly holds her Oscar. 

In June 1969 Hayward came to Auburn University to watch her son Gregory Baker graduate from the School of Veterinary Medicine. On the left is Harry M. Phillpot,PhD, President of Auburn University from 1965 until 1980. He was there during my years as a student and employee at Auburn. 

Source: Auburn University Digital Library

TO BE CONTINUED